Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB)

A Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) is a security solution that sits between cloud service users and cloud applications to enforce security policies, ensure compliance, and protect data. CASBs provide visibility, threat protection, data security, and compliance enforcement across SaaS, IaaS, and PaaS environments.

Key Functions of CASB:

  • 1. Visibility – Monitors and provides insights into cloud application usage, user activity, and potential shadow IT risks.
  • 2. Threat Protection – Detects and prevents malware, data breaches, and insider threats through advanced analytics and machine learning.
  • 3. Data Security – Implements encryption, tokenization, access controls, and data loss prevention (DLP) to safeguard sensitive information.
  • 4. Compliance – Helps organization
  • 5. s meet industry and regulatory requirements (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS) by ensuring proper security policies are enforced.

How CASB Works:

  • Threat Cloud Intelligence – Investigations begin with Check Point’s ThreatCloud, providing real-time intelligence on known threats, attack vectors, and attackers.
  • Proxy-based Control – Acts as an intermediary for users accessing cloud services, inspecting and securing traffic.
  • Log-based Analysis – Collects and analyzes logs from firewalls and proxies to identify cloud usage patterns.

Popular CASB Solutions:

  • Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps
  • McAfee MVISION Cloud
  • Netskope
  • Palo Alto Networks Prisma Cloud
  • Symantec CloudSOC

Key Features of Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB)

  • 1. Visibility
  • 2. Data Security
  • 3. Threat Protection
  • 4. Compliance & Governance
  • 5. Access Control & Identity Protection
  • 6. Shadow IT Discovery & Risk Assessment
  • 7. Integration with Security Tools

How Cloud Access Security Broker (CASB) Works

CASB Deployment Models

CASBs can be deployed in different ways, depending on the organization’s needs and existing infrastructure:

1. API-Based Control

  • Directly integrates with cloud services via APIs.
  • Provides real-time monitoring and policy enforcement.
  • Best for visibility, data security, and compliance enforcement.
  • Example: Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, Netskope.

2. Proxy-Based Control

  • Forward Proxy: Secures outbound traffic from users to the cloud.
  • Reverse Proxy: Secures inbound traffic from the cloud to users.
  • Protects data in transit, prevents malware, and enforces security policies.
  • Can introduce latency and require agent-based deployment.

3. Log-Based Analysis

  • Analyzes logs from firewalls, proxies, and security tools.
  • Detects shadow IT usage and risk assessment.
  • Provides insights but lacks real-time enforcement.

Key Steps in CASB Operation

1. Discovery & Visibility

  • Identifies and monitors cloud applications used by employees.
  • Detects shadow IT (unauthorized cloud app usage).
  • Assesses risk levels of different cloud services.

2. Access Control & Authentication

  • Implements Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) and Single Sign-On (SSO).
  • Enforces Role-Based Access Control (RBAC).
  • Uses Conditional Access policies (e.g., restrict access based on device, location).

3. Data Security & DLP (Data Loss Prevention)

  • Scans for sensitive data (e.g., PII, financial records).
  • Applies encryption, tokenization, and redaction.
  • Prevents unauthorized file sharing and data leakage.

4. Threat Protection & Anomaly Detection

  • Uses AI/ML to detect unusual behavior, such as account takeovers.
  • Identifies malware, ransomware, and insider threats.
  • Blocks suspicious activities in real-time.

5. Compliance Enforcement

  • Ensures regulatory compliance (e.g., GDPR, HIPAA, PCI-DSS).
  • Provides security reports and audit logs.
  • Helps organizations meet industry-specific security requirements.

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